The most surprising finding is that although many students say they feel comfortable speaking in class (Mean = 3.9), their actual participation is much more...
The most surprising finding is that although many students say they feel comfortable speaking in class (Mean = 3.9), their actual participation is much more inconsistent, as shown by the higher SD (1.1) in the item about active discussion. The central tendency values (mean, median, and mode) show that most responses cluster around the mid-to-high range, indicating general comfort but uneven participation behaviors. Since the median and mode are close to the mean for all items, there is no strong evidence of outliers. However, the item about preferring to stay silent shows slight positive skew because the mean is higher than the mode, meaning a small group of students chose higher values while most strongly disagreed. Overall, the dataset appears fairly balanced with mild skewness in one item but no major issues.